• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In a method and a drive for starting a drive train with a working machine (1), one connected to a power grid (12) driving machine (4) and with a differential gear (3) with three inputs or outputs, wherein an output with the working machine (1), a first drive is connected to the prime mover (4) and a second drive is connected to a differential drive (5), work machine (1) work machine (1) accelerates the prime mover (4) to an operating speed while one with the differential drive (5) connected shaft (14) is separated from the second drive. The working machine (1) is accelerated by synchronizing the speed of the previously unrestrained second drive by means of a synchronization device (15) with the shaft (14) connected to the differential drive (5).
    公开号:AT516180A4
    申请号:T645/2014
    申请日:2014-08-19
    公开日:2016-03-15
    发明作者:Gerald Dipl Ing Hehenberger
    申请人:Gerald Dipl Ing Hehenberger；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to methods for starting a drive train with a work machine, a prime mover and with a differential gearbox with three drives, one output connected to the work machine, a first drive to the drive machine and a second drive to a differential drive.
    The invention further relates to a drive for carrying out such a method with a work machine, a prime mover and a differential drive with three drives, wherein one output is connected to the work machine, one drive to the drive machine and a second drive to a differential drive
    An ever increasing demand on working machines, such as conveyors (e.g., pumps, compressors, fans, and conveyor belts), or mills, crushers, etc., for which the invention is particularly suited, is efficient variable speed operation. starting under load. This is done by e.g. Grid-connected electrical machines, but also internal combustion engines hardly met, since these usually have a low starting torque and a fixed speed or a limited speed range and combustion engines can also start under load heavy.
    In addition, v.a. electric machines are used as an example for drive machines, but the principle according to the invention is applicable to all possible types of drive machines, such as e.g. can also be used for combustion engines.
    The electric drives most commonly used today are three-phase machines, such as Asynchronous motors and synchronous motors.
    Despite high electrical power consumption, three-phase machines are not able to fully mechanically output this power at standstill, which is reflected in high losses and low starting torque. At the start of speed zero, a three-phase machine typically draws about 7 to 10 times
    Rated current, which causes a correspondingly high electrical load for the power grid during the starting process.
    For this reason, electrical machines are sometimes also implemented in combination with a frequency converter as a variable-speed drive instead of being directly connected to a grid. Thus, while it is possible to realize a start-up of speed zero without burdening the grid or realizing a variable-speed operation of a drive system, the solution is however expensive and associated with substantial efficiency losses. A comparatively cheaper and also better in terms of efficiency alternative is the use of differential systems - for example, according to AT 507394 A. The fundamental limitation here is that depending on the transmission ratio of the differential gear only a relatively small speed range can be achieved at the drive shaft of a working machine.
    There are several ways to get around this. According to German Utility Model DE 20 2012 101 708 U, for example, the gear ratio of the differential gear is set to 1. On this basis, one can drive the complete powertrain with the differential drive or bring the prime mover to synchronous speed and subsequently synchronize it with the network.
    The disadvantage of this solution is that the differential drive or its frequency converter is dimensioned substantially smaller than the drive machine and therefore can only supply a correspondingly small torque.
    The object of the invention is, therefore, to find a solution with which one can connect drive machines free of external loads to a network and, in addition, can drive the machine away from zero speed.
    This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.
    This object is further achieved by a drive having the features of claim 12.
    The core of a differential system is a differential that, in a simple embodiment, may be a simple planetary gear with three drives, one output connected to a work machine, a first drive to a prime mover, and a second drive to a differential drive. Thus, at constant speed, or in the case of a limited speed or optimal speed combustion engine, the work machine can be variable in speed by compensating for the resulting speed difference by the differential drive.
    To preferably ramp up the prime mover to synchronous speed from standstill and additionally drive the high torque work machine at zero speed, starting can be accomplished, as follows, in e.g. three phases take place:
    Phase 1: The prime mover is either connected directly to the grid (preferably with a so-called star-delta connection) or alternatively (in a particularly network-saving method) first powered up with additional equipment (e.g., by means of a parallel-connected frequency converter) and then synchronized and connected to the grid. In the case of a combustion engine, it is started up and started up with the differential drive (if necessary with a backstop or brake acting on the working machine).
    Phase 2: As soon as the prime mover is synchronized with the mains or in its operating speed range, the differential drive is preferably accelerated to a maximum possible speed.
    Phase 3: Now that the full torque of the prime mover is available and the speed difference between the second drive and the differential drive has reached a design-specific minimum, in this third phase the starting process of the work machine begins, by the hitherto unrestrained second drive of the machine
    Differential gearbox by means of a synchronization device, in particular a synchronization clutch, is synchronized or connected to the differential drive.
    Preferred embodiments of the invention are subject-matter of the subclaims.
    Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to the attached drawings. It shows:
    1 shows the principle of a differential system for a drive of a pump according to the prior art,
    2 shows the speed and performance parameters of a differential system of a pump.
    3 shows an embodiment of a differential system according to the invention,
    Fig. 4 shows the resulting speed parameters of a differential system when starting a pump.
    Fig. 1 shows the principle of a differential system for a drive train using the example of a pump. In this case, the working machine 1 is the rotor of a pump, which is driven by a differential gear 3 from a drive machine 4. The prime mover 4 is preferably a medium voltage three-phase machine connected to a grid 12, which in the example shown is a medium voltage grid due to the medium voltage three-phase machine. However, the selected voltage level depends on the application and, above all, the power level of the prime mover 4 and can have any desired voltage level without affecting the basic function of the system. Corresponding to the number of pole pairs of the drive machine 4 results in a type-specific operating speed range. Of the
    Operating speed range is that speed range in which the drive machine 4 can deliver a defined or required torque or in the case of an electric drive machine can be operated on the network 12.
    A planetary carrier 7 is connected to the drive shaft 2, the drive machine 4 to a ring gear 8 and a sun gear 9 of the differential gear 3 with a differential drive 5. The core of the differential system in this embodiment is thus a simple planetary gear stage with three drives, one driven by the working machine 1, a first drive with the engine 4 and a second drive with the differential drive 5 is connected.
    In order to optimally adjust the speed range of the differential drive 5, an adjustment gear 10 may be implemented between the sun gear 9 and the differential drive 5. Alternatively to the shown spur gear stage, the adjustment gear 10 may for example also be multi-stage or designed as a toothed belt or chain drive and / or combined with one or more planetary gear stages. be executed. With the adjustment gear 10, it is also possible to realize an axial offset for the differential drive 5 which, because of the coaxial arrangement of the working machine 1 and the drive machine 4 shown by way of example, enables a simple version of the differential drive 5. Connected to the differential drive 5 is an engine brake 13 which brakes the differential drive 5 as needed. Electrically, the differential drive 5 is connected to the network 12 by means of, preferably, a low-voltage frequency converter consisting of a motor-side inverter 6a and a grid-side inverter 6b, and a transformer 11. The transformer compensates for any existing voltage differences between the grid 12 and the grid-side inverter 6b, and can be eliminated in the event of voltage equality between the drive machine 4, the grid-side inverter 6b and the grid 12. The inverters 6a and 6b are connected by a DC intermediate circuit and may be locally separated as needed, and preferably the motor-side inverter 6aas positioned as close as possible to the differential drive 5. An essential advantage of this concept is that the prime mover 4 is directly connected, ie without expensive power electronics Network 12 can be connected. The balance between the variable rotor speed and the fixed speed of the grid-connected prime mover 4 is realized by the variable-speed differential drive 5.
    The torque equation for the differential system is:
    Torque Differential Drive - Torque Work Machine * Y / X / where the size factor y / x is a measure of the gear ratios in the differential gear 3 and in the gearing 10. The torques at the three input and output drives also behave correspondingly proportionally. The power of the differential drive 5 is substantially equal to the product of the percent deviation of the pump speed from its base speed x work machine power.
    The base speed ("T" in Fig. 2) is that speed of the output of the differential gear 3 at which the differential drive 5 has the speed zero. Accordingly, a large speed range basically requires a correspondingly large dimensioning of the differential drive 5. This also explains the reason why differential systems are particularly well suited for small speed ranges, but in principle any speed range can be realized.
    A differential drive 5 for a pump as a work machine 1 has, for example, a power of approximately 15% of the total system power. This in turn means that with the differential system no low speeds can be realized on the work machine 1. If the work machine 1 needs to be brought from zero speed to its working speed range (this is the speed range in which the work machine 1 works essentially), this can be realized by e.g. the differential drive 5 braked (either electrically or by means of engine brake 13) and the prime mover 4 is switched to the network. The prime mover 4, in turn, is difficult to apply the required torque, or draws up to 10 times the rated current, to accelerate approximately to synchronous speed. By using a so-called star / delta circuit, it is possible to reduce the starting current, but this also reduces the realizable starting torque.
    The engine brake 13 may also be used to protect the differential drive 5 from overspeeding when e.g. , B. the drive machine 4 and the differential drive 5 fail and in further consequence the work machine 1 stops or against their
    Working direction rotates. The working direction of rotation is the direction of rotation in which the working machine 1 rotates as intended or usually.
    The differential drive 5 is described here as a three-phase machine. Here are several variants, such as. the robust and inexpensive asynchronous machines and the externally or permanently excited synchronous machines. Although the latter are usually somewhat more expensive, they have better efficiency and are smaller in construction.
    Instead of the differential drive 5 and the inverter 6a, 6b, a hydrostatic adjusting gear can also be used. In this case, the differential drive 5 is replaced by a hydrostatic pump / motor combination, which are connected to a pressure line and which both are preferably adjustable in the flow volume. Damits are as in the case of a variable speed electric differential drive, the speeds adjustable. This also applies analogously to the use of hydrodynamic converters as Differenzialantrieb5.
    Fig. 2 shows the speed and performance parameters of a differential system using the example of a pump. The illustration shows power and speed values for a work machine 1, a drive machine 4, and a differential drive 5 each plotted against the speed of the work machine 1 ("pump speed"). The drive machine 4 is connected to the network 12 and thus its speed ("engine speed") is constant - in the example shown about 1500 rpm for a four-pole three-phase machine in a 50 Hz network. The working speed range for the working machine 1 is 68% to 100%, where at 100% is the selected nominal point. According to the gear ratio of the differential gear 3 and the timing gear 10, the speed of the differential drive 5 ("servo speed") is from -2,000 rpm to 1,500 rpm. This means that the differential drive 5 is operated as a generator (-) and as a motor (+). Since the maximum required power of the differential drive 5 ("servo power") in the regenerative (-) range (ca 110kW) is lower than that in the motor (+) range (about 160kW), the differential drive 5 in the regenerative (-) range in So-called field weakening range are operated, whereby for the differential drive 5 a higher speed - but mitreduziertem torque - can be realized. Thus, the working speed range of the work machine 1 can be easily expanded. The point "T " in Fig. 2 marks the so-called "basic speed" 'of the working machine 1, in which the speed of the differential drive 5 is equal to zero.
    In the motor (+) region of the characteristic diagram, the working machine 1 is driven in parallel by the drive machine 4 and the differential drive 5. The sum of both powers is the drive power for work machine 1 ("system performance") minus any system losses incurred. In the regenerative (-) range, the drive machine 4 must compensate the power of the differential drive 5 ("Servo Power"), whereby the total system power ("System Power") is the drive power of the prime mover 4 ("Engine Power") less the power of the differential drive 5. That is, in terms of efficiency, the motor (+) region is better. This fits very well with the illustrated exemplary frequency distribution ("probability") of the load distribution in continuous operation of the plant, which shows a large part of the operating time immoric (+) range. For operational reasons, however, it is also possible to operate at lower pump speeds, in which case the proportionate dwell time decreases sharply as the pump speed decreases.
    Basically, it should be noted that the closer the pump speed ("pump speed") is at the base speed "T". The lower the power flow across the differential drive 5 and thus the overall system efficiency is very high. However, as the required driving power increases with increasing pump speed, the power of the driving machine 4 can be reduced by the power of the differential drive 5 as compared with a prior art drive by the parallel drive of the prime mover 4 and the differential drive 5, or by the power of the entire machine when the prime mover 4 is present of the differential drive 5 are increased.
    Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a differential system according to the invention. The shown driveline also has here as inFig. 1, a working machine 1, a differential gear 3, a driving machine 4 and a differential drive 5, which is connected to the network 12 by means of a frequency converter 6 (consisting of motor-side and network-side inverter - here referred to simply as a unit) and a transformer 11. Here, too, the differential drive 5 is connected to the differential gear 3 by means of a reduction gear 10. In addition, however, a synchronization device, in particular a synchronization clutch 15, is implemented between the shaft 14 and the second drive of the differential gear 3.
    As a working machine 1 is here also exemplified a pump. However, the concept described here is also applicable to drives for working machines such as e.g. Compressors, fans and conveyors, mills, crushers, etc., or power plants and the like are applicable.
    In the case of using the system according to the invention in a power generation plant, the prime mover 1 operates essentially in regenerative operation and, consequently, the power flow in the entire drive rotates in comparison with the illustration in FIG. 2 um.
    At startup, in this embodiment of the invention, in a first step, the differential drive 5 is decoupled with the adjustment gear 10 by the synchronization clutch 15 from the rest of the drive train. If the prime mover 4 is now started up and connected to the grid, the sun gear 9 rotates freely and no appreciable torque can build up in the entire drive train. Thus, the work machine 1 remains in a low-speed range, and the prime mover 4 can be run up and connected to the net 12 without appreciable external counter-torque. To prevent any rotation of the work machine 1 against its working direction, one may preferably be mounted on the
    Working machine 1 acting backstop or alternatively, for. a brake can be implemented.
    In order to avoid the above-described effect of the high starting current in synchronizing the prime mover 4, either a star / delta circuit or a so-called soft start (for example, so-called phase-gapped thyristors) may be implemented. In another embodiment of the invention, the powering machine 4 may be powered by an "auxiliary drive" connected to the engine 4. 2 are brought to (near) synchronous speed and subsequently synchronized and connected to the network 12. Thereby, in the case of an asynchronous machine, a significantly lower turn-on current peak remains in comparison to a zero-speed starting method. Above all, the duration of this inrush current peak is only a few grid periods. Measures to reduce this remaining inrush current include, for example, a small isolation transformer for biasing via a bypass, or a so-called low power thyristor actuator. The described problem of the inrush current does not occur at e.g. externally excited synchronous generators, since these have an excitation unit.
    The auxiliary drive 2, provided that this as e.g. a three-phase machine or as an integrated (additional) winding of the engine 4 can also be driven if necessary by the frequency converter 6, which is separated for this purpose from the differential drive 5 and connected to the auxiliary drive 2 to a variable-speed drive. Once the prime mover 4 is on the grid , the frequency converter 6 is again connected to the differential drive 5.
    An improvement is achieved e.g. also by initially not opening the synchronization clutch and bringing the differential drive 5 to its maximum possible operating speed at the start of the starting process. Meanwhile, due to external loads, the working machine 1 remains in a low-speed range, or a rotation of the work machine 1 counter to its working direction when required by means of a backstop or, alternatively, e.g. a brake prevented. As a result, the prime mover 4 is brought to a rotational speed which varies according to the rotational speed of the working machine 1 on the one hand and the transmission ratio of the differential gearing 3 and of a possibly existing gearing 10 on the other hand. Subsequently, the synchronization clutch 15 is opened, while the prime mover 4 preferably with so-called
    Star / delta connection or soft start is connected to the mains 12.
    An alternative method for bumpless network synchronization of the electric drive machine 4 in this case, with the synchronization clutch 15 open, would be to separate the frequency converter 6 from the differential drive 5 on the one hand, and the drive machine 4 on the other hand from the network 12. Subsequently, one can connect the prime mover 4 to the frequency converter 6 and thereby synchronize and connect the prime mover 4 to the network 12. This can be the
    Drive unit 4 are smoothly connected to a network 12. Finally, the frequency converter 6 is separated from the drive machine 4 and (again) connected to the differential drive 5.
    As soon as the prime mover 4 starts up and the working machine 1 does not turn or only slowly rotates, the sun gear 9 adjusts a high speed in accordance with the gear ratio of the differential gear 3, which is usually above the permissible regulating speed range of the differential drive 5 (taking into account the adjusting gear 10). The control speed range is the speed range in which the differential drive 5 operates to realize the working speed range of the work machine 1.
    For this purpose, the transmission ratios of the differential gear 3 and the adjustment gear 10 are preferably selected so that the differential drive 5 is electrically / mechanically optimally utilized.
    The electrical / mechanical limits are determined primarily by the voltage, current and speed limits specified by the manufacturer.
    In this phase, the differential drive 5 is disconnected from the sun gear 9 due to the opened synchronization clutch 15. In a further step, the differential drive 5 is preferably at its maximum possible speed (corresponding to that for starting the
    Working machine 1 required torque), with the aim of minimizing the speed difference between the shaft 14 and the second drive of the differential gear 3.
    The differential drive 5 is preferably accelerated to a speed that is within its control speed range. However, the speed of the differential drive 5 may also be above a control speed range before the synchronization, but the differential drive 5 can then only apply a lower braking torque in order to accelerate the work machine 1. In addition, when the braking torque of the differential drive 5 (within and / or out of the control speed range) is insufficient to sufficiently accelerate the work machine 1, a mechanical, electric or hydraulic brake acting on the shaft 14, for example, a differential brake motor brake (5 ), be provided.
    Subsequently, the synchronizer clutch 15 is closed, and thus the rotational speed of the previously unrestrained second drive of the differential gear 3 is synchronized with the rotational speed of the shaft 14. After completion of this process, the second drive of the differential gear 3 and the shaft 14 have the same rotational speed and the differential drive 5 operates in its Control speed range (and thus the work machine 1 in its working speed range), thereby actuation of the synchronization clutch 15, the work machine 1 is inevitably approached. The torque available for this purpose is determined by the minimum of the braking force of the synchronization clutch 15 acting on the work machine 1, the tilting moment of the drive machine 4 and the tilting moment of the differential drive 5.
    In principle, the starting method according to the invention can also be used with, for example, combustion engines, which is sometimes necessary because they can only generate torque in the partial speed range which is substantially lower than their nominal torque. In this case, the internal combustion engine can be started with the differential drive 5 in a first phase. This is done with the synchronizing clutch 15 connected and by locking, if necessary, the working machine 1 against rotation (eg with backstop or brake). Subsequently, preferably the synchronizing clutch 15 is reopened and the prime mover 4 is driven into a speed range with sufficient torque (to start the engine) Work machine 1) accelerated. Following this, as described above, the speed difference between the shaft 14 and the second drive of the differential gear 3 is minimized, and subsequently the synchronizer clutch 15 is closed, synchronizing the rotational speed of the second brake of the differential gear 3 with the rotational speed of the shaft 14.
    As a synchronization clutch 15 is preferably a frictional disk clutch is used. A multi-plate clutch (also referred to as a multi-plate clutch) consists of at least one inner and one outer plate. The inner fin (s) is (are) serrated and the outer fin (s) are received by an internally toothed tubular support. In order to increase the torque to be transmitted, often a plurality of inner and outer plates are arranged alternately, so that at the same actuating force through the larger surface area higher torque can be transmitted. The characteristic feature of a disc clutch in comparison with other clutches, is the arrangement of several friction linings in series. The same contact pressure acts on all friction pairs. Multi-plate clutches are under load switchable. These are usually running in oil and predominantly in hochbelasteten main or starting clutches or in Sperrdifferenzialen in use.
    If the multi-plate clutch is designed as a so-called fail-safe clutch, then it is e.g. closed against spring pressure or oil pressure, etc. The advantage is that the system can be executed "fail-safe". This means that in the event of system failure (e.g., power failure, etc.), the clutch will automatically open, causing the differential drive 5 to move in front of e.g. damaging overspeed can be protected.
    The synchronization clutch 15 must be cooled sufficiently for the starting process. This cooling can e.g. in combination with the cooling of the differential gear.
    Alternatively, however, any type of coupling can be used. Here, for example, so-called viscous couplings. A visco-coupling is e.g. used in the drive train of motor vehicles. In principle, it transmits in its interior a rotary movement via a circular disc (lamella) on the input side to a fluid, which in turn drives a further lamella on the output side. By this design, the visco coupling transmits a torque and allows a speed compensation. The bigger the
    Speed difference between input and output lamella, the greater the torque that can transmit the viscous coupling. By speed control of the differential drive 5, the speed difference between the shaft 14 and the second drive of the differential gear 3 can be controlled according to the desired torque to be transmitted.
    Furthermore, by increasing the contact force between the lamellae of the Visco clutch, on the one hand, the transmittable torque can be regulated or the viscous clutch can be locked, with the result that the latter subsequently can transmit the rotational movement of the differential drive 5 with no slip.
    A major advantage of a visco-coupling as
    Synchronization clutch 15 is their insensitivity to large speed difference between the shaft 14 and the second drive of the differential gear 3 and their extensive freedom from wear.
    For the sake of completeness, it should be mentioned here that if the synchronization clutch 15 is present, the engine brake 13 can be omitted since, in the event of an overspeed threatening for the differential drive 5, the synchronization clutch 15 is simply opened and thus the differential drive 5 can be decoupled from the remaining drive train and run off.
    The system according to the invention can also be used to operate the drive machine 4 in phase-shifting mode. That is, the prime mover 4 provides reactive power to and from the network 12. without operating the work machine 1. This is especially true for power generation plants. At this time, the drive machine 4 is merely connected to the net 12 without executing the further steps of the described startup process. This is done when the work machine 1 has to start operation.
    Fig. 4 shows the speed parameters of a differential system for the inventive starting, using the example of a pump. The figure shows the speed values for a pump as work machine 1 ("pump"), a 4-pole, 60Hz three-phase machine as prime mover 4 ("prime mover"), a sun gear 9 ("second drive") of a differential stage 3 and a shaft 14 (FIG. "Differential drive") whose speed, taking into account the ratio of a reduction gear 10, is proportional to the speed of the differential drive 5.
    The starting process is divided into 6 phases a to f. Phase "a " shows the startup of the "prime mover". up to their synchronous speed.
    Since the "pump" during this phase, due to external forces, the "second drive" accelerates according to the gear ratio of the differential gear 3 up to a speed well above the control speed range. In the subsequent phase "b " becomes the "prime mover" synchronized with and connected to the network 12, and subsequently in phase "c". the differential drive 5 accelerates. The inFig. As soon as the differential drive 5 has reached its maximum possible speed for the starting operation, the synchronization clutch is closed in phase "d", thus accelerating the "pump". As soon as the synchronizer clutch 15 is fully closed and slip is absent, the differential drive 5 starts to speed control the differential system (control speed range). The work machine 1 (" pump ") is at its working speed range from this point in time, which is out of the partial load range " e " and rated load "f"; consists.
    The time course (x-axis in seconds) shown in Fig. 4 can be seen by way of example - the periods of the individual phases are variable and chosen according to technical feasibility and preferably under the premise of least possible system load (electrical and mechanical) or system wear.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1]
    Claims 1. A method for starting a drive train with a working machine (1), a drive machine (4) and a three-input / differential drive (3), wherein a drive with the work machine (1), a first drive with the drive machine (4 ) and a second drive is connected to a differential drive (5), characterized in that the drive machine (4) is accelerated to an operating speed, while a shaft (14) connected to the differential drive (5) is separated from the second drive, and that the working machine (4) 1) is accelerated by synchronizing the speed of the anti-braking second drive by means of a synchronization device (15) with the shaft (14) connected to the differential drive (5).
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the speed of the differential drive (5) before synchronization is in or above its control speed range.
    [3]
    A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the differential drive (5) is accelerated to its maximum speed prior to synchronization.
    [4]
    A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the prime mover (4) is an electrical machine connected to the network (12) before the second drive synchronizes with the shaft (14) connected to the differential drive (5) becomes.
    [5]
    A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the prime mover (4) is first brought to at least approximately operating speed with additional means (2).
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the drive machine (4) is accelerated with the synchronization device (15) with the differential drive (5) to a speed below the operating speed andthat the drive machine (4) then with open synchronization device (15). is accelerated to its operating speed.
    [7]
    A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the prime mover (4) is an electric machine accelerated by means of a variable frequency drive (6) of the differential drive (5) and synchronized with the power grid (12), then the electric machine (4) is connected to the power grid (12) and that finally the drive machine (4) is disconnected from the frequency converter (6) and the frequency converter (6) is connected to the differential drive (5).
    [8]
    8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the drive machine (4) is a generator which is also operated in the phase shift operation.
    [9]
    9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that is prevented by means of a brake or backstop that the work machine (1) rotates against their intended working direction of rotation.
    [10]
    10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the differential drive (15) controls a speed difference between the second drive and the shaft (14) corresponding to a desired torque to be transmitted.
    [11]
    11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized 1, characterized in that the differential drive (5) before the synchronization to its maximum speed, in particular its maximum control speed, is accelerated.
    [12]
    12. A drive for carrying out a method according to one of claims 1 to 11 with a working machine (1), a drive machine (4) and with a differential gear (3) with three drives or drives, wherein an output with the working machine (1), a drive is connected to the drive machine (4) and a second drive is connected to a differential drive (5), characterized by a synchronization device (15) with which the second drive can be synchronized with a shaft (14) connected to the differential drive (5).
    [13]
    A drive according to claim 12, characterized in that the synchronization means (15) is a multi-plate clutch or a disco clutch.
    [14]
    14. Drive according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized bya brake acting on the shaft (14), in particular a motor brake for the differential drive (5).
    [15]
    15. Drive according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the drive machine (4) is a three-phase machine or an internal combustion engine.
    [16]
    Drive according to one of Claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the working machine (1) is an energy-generating plant, in particular a wind turbine or hydroelectric power plant.
    [17]
    Drive according to one of Claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the differential drive (5) is a three-phase machine, in particular an asynchronous machine or a permanent-magnet synchronous machine.
    [18]
    Drive according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the differential drive (5) is a hydraulic pump / motor device or a hydrodynamic converter.
    [19]
    A drive according to any one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that a brake or return stop is connected to the work machine (1), which prevents the working machine (1) from rotating against its intended working direction of rotation.
    [20]
    Drive according to one of Claims 12 to 19, characterized in that the synchronization device (15) is a fail-safe coupling.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2016025971A1|2016-02-25|
    AT516180B1|2016-03-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE19751231A1|1997-11-19|1999-06-10|Abb Research Ltd|Drive device|
    EP1477705A1|2002-02-21|2004-11-17|Ebara Corporation|Differential planetary gear device, and differential planetary gear device starting device and starting method|
    WO2011000008A1|2009-07-02|2011-01-06|Gerald Hehenberger|Differential gearing for an energy generation plant and operating method|
    DE102011087109B3|2011-11-25|2013-04-04|Zollern Gmbh & Co. Kg|Apparatus and method for recovering energy from a fluid flow|AT523332A1|2019-12-16|2021-07-15|Hehenberger Dipl Ing Gerald|Method for connecting an electrical asynchronous machine of a drive train to an electrical network|DE3640146A1|1986-11-25|1988-06-01|Eckhardt Hans Guenter Dipl Ing|Variable-ratio system for the production of adjustable speeds of rotation|
    AT507394B1|2008-10-09|2012-06-15|Gerald Dipl Ing Hehenberger|WIND TURBINE|
    DE202012101708U1|2012-05-10|2012-06-13|Gerald Hehenberger|Differential gearbox for power generation plant|
    AT514396B1|2013-05-17|2015-11-15|Set Sustainable Energy Technologies Gmbh|Method and device for starting up a drive train|AT15940U1|2017-03-23|2018-10-15|Ing Gerald Hehenberger Dipl|Method of operating a drive train and drive train|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA645/2014A|AT516180B1|2014-08-19|2014-08-19|Method for starting a drive train and drive for this|ATA645/2014A| AT516180B1|2014-08-19|2014-08-19|Method for starting a drive train and drive for this|
    PCT/AT2015/000113| WO2016025971A1|2014-08-19|2015-08-19|Method for starting a drive train and drive therefor|
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